Monday, April 22, 2013

Green spaces may boost wellbeing for city dwellers

Apr. 21, 2013 ? New research published in the journal Psychological Science has found that people living in urban areas with more green space tend to report greater wellbeing than city dwellers that don't have parks, gardens, or other green space nearby.

The research has been led by Dr Mathew White from the University of Exeter Medical School's European Centre for Environment & Human Health, in Truro, Cornwall.

By examining data from a national survey that followed UK households over time, Dr White and colleagues at the European Centre have found that individuals reported less mental distress and higher life satisfaction when they were living in greener areas.

Importantly, this association held even after the researchers accounted for changes over time in participants' income, employment, marital status, physical health, and housing type.

Dr White and colleagues were surprised by the scale of the effects of living in a greener area in comparison to 'big hitting' life events, such as marriage: "We've found that living in an urban area with relatively high levels of green space can have a significantly positive impact on wellbeing, roughly equal to a third of the impact of being married."

This effect is also equivalent to a tenth of the impact of being employed (vs unemployed).

The results show that even when stacked up against other factors that contribute to life satisfaction, living in a greener area has a significant effect.

"These kinds of comparisons are important for policymakers when trying to decide how to invest scarce public resources, such as for park development or upkeep, and figuring out what 'bang' they'll get for their buck" said Dr White.

Findings from previous studies have suggested a correlation between green space and wellbeing, but those studies were not able to rule out the possibility that people with higher levels of wellbeing simply move to greener areas. Dr White and colleagues were able to solve that problem by using longitudinal data (data gathered from the repeated observation of participants over time) from the national survey, with data collected annually from over 10,000 people between 1991 and 2008.

The new research does not prove that moving to a greener area will necessarily cause increased happiness, but it does fit with findings from experimental studies showing that short bouts of time in a green space can improve people's mood and cognitive functioning.

While the effect for any one person might be small, Dr White points out that the potential positive effects of green space for society at large might be substantial.

"This research could be important for psychologists, public health officials and urban planners who are interested in learning about the effects that urbanisation and city planning can have on population health and wellbeing" Dr White concludes.

Co-authors on this research include Dr Ian Alcock, Dr Benedict Wheeler, and Professor Michael Depledge of the University of Exeter Medical School.

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Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/djr8HsJpNM4/130422101303.htm

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autonomous glaswegian: Communications: Features Of GPS ...

It takes more than being an industry standard in order to remain competitive in today's business. Sometimes, it's all about having a new technology that your company never did before.

While the change might be looked upon with disdain, it will bring in more long-term gains for your company. One such technology tailored by different companies is GPS vehicle tracking.

If your company deals with providing phone cables, construction materials, inventory, vehicle rentals, or comparable products directly to dealers, then fleet management solutions can provide your business an advantage over your competitors. Once you select a dependable fleet services company, your business will be able to receive the following advantages from that:

1 .More efficient use of fuel.

Taking ineffective routes, driving aggressively, or driving your vehicles for private use is a thing most drivers constantly do, but who is going to cover the lost fuel? Obviously, the owner of these vehicles has no other option. Nevertheless, adapting the use of fleet tracking services can help you lessen the fuel expenses associated with nonproductive driving.

2. Decrease in Labor Costs

If you've got more than a single vehicle used for performing various company operations, you certainly have to employ a worker to report the day-to-day driving schedule and activities. Nevertheless, this is time-consuming and also pricey. Instead of paying personnel a large amount of money, you can get a GPS tracker.

Reliable GPS tracking providers usually have much to offer you in terms of reducing your labor costs like, a detailed report on average weekly totals and daily hours your vehicles had been in use.

3. Increase in Safety and Security

Remember that cars are considered one of the most valuable as well as useful assets for your business. Because of this, you have to protect them by choosing the proven methods. GPS tracking will serve this purpose well as it will enable you to know exactly where your vehicles are. In addition, utilizing this tracking system will help you understand the functionality of your drivers.

4. Enhancement in Customer Service

Client care is itself a competitive benefit, so why wouldn't you achieve this with something your business already needs? By using a GPS tracker, you will be able to respond to customer demands in the fastest time possible. For instance, if it's about delivering an item to a client within a particular due date, you can do this quickly by using fleet management.

Source: http://communication-s.blogspot.com/2013/04/features-of-gps-vehicle-tracking.html

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Source: http://autonomous-glaswegian.blogspot.com/2013/04/communications-features-of-gps-vehicle.html

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OpEdNews - Article: American Education

A Symptom of a Failed System

The Atlanta Public Schools cheating scandal finally brings to light what I saw coming years ago. I had predicted that the whole concept of Standardized Testing would lead? inevitably to cheating, not only on the part of the victimized student but on the part of teachers, principals and even administrations. The temptation proved to be too great.?

An investigation by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation released in July 2011 found that 44 out of 56 schools cheated on state-administered standardized tests. More than 150? teachers and principals confessed to have fixed incorrect answers on test papers. Their excuse was that the pressure to "meet targets" set by administrations with the threat of? negative evaluation or termination if they did not was simply too great. And it's not just Atlanta. We now find ourselves reading newspaper headlines like: ?

Massive Cheating Scandal? Rock Schools Nationwide

Is it any wonder then that, of the top 50 countries rated by the Economist Intelligence Unit, American education ranks a dismal 17 th. ?But, the sorry truth is that scandals like? these are just symptoms of a greater and more devastating disease. We are faced with a failed system not only in its function, but more importantly in its purpose. ? ? ? ?

With three of ten high school and four of ten college freshmen failing to graduate, our educational system is obviously failing. The question to be asked is not why the drop-outs? have failed in our educational system, but why the educational system has failed in its obligation to the drop-outs. To answer this question we must first arrive at a revised? understanding of the purpose of education. ? In reviewing ?popular remedies for the alarming drop-out rate, the question of why we educate must be addressed before we can? consider any rational question of how. ?Rarely, if ever, is the question of why addressed or even mentioned. It is simply assumed that the purpose is, first and foremost, that it will? lead to a higher income. Then there is the societal advantage of an orderly and stable status quo. This whole approach ignores what should be the true purpose of an education.

Education should be designed to provide opportunities for individual self-fulfillment. Indeed, the current system leans more to indoctrination than to education. It is a system? designed to meet the needs of the society as opposed to one that meets the personal needs of the individual student. ? It becomes a system designed to equip the corporate? world and its bottom-line mentality with an adequate work force and to provide society, with its questionable objectives a sufficient number of sycophants to maintain social? stability. What its purpose should be is to equip the student with an adequate means of gratifying his potential for personal achievement and fulfillment in concert with what innate? talents he may possess, This is the only source of true happiness. A truly just society should be one that addresses the needs of its individual citizens, as opposed to the needs of? a society that in turn ignores those individual needs. The creation of a society that allows for each individual the maximum possibly fulfillment and happiness, should, therefore, be? the broader aim and purpose of education. ?

Another significant danger of the present system is that it seems to have forsaken Socrates. For Socrates, the mere passing on and acceptance of traditional thought and? practice, which is what most of the current curricula consists of, is not education. Not only does such a practice tend to suppress the innate curiosity the first grader brings to? class, but it discourages the critical thinking that Socrates insisted must lie at the very foundation of education. Add to this the fact that in our modern world, the inability to think? critically will ultimately cause humanitarian advancement to lag dangerously behind technological advancement, ignoring the need for adequate ethical checks and balances? necessary to insure a safe and intelligent progression. Unfortunately with the current system, critical thinking on the part of the student, is actually suppressed because it r epresents a threat to the teacher's commandment from above to simply impart knowledge in compliance with standard objectives to be measured by the accursed standardized? testing. One amazing thought is that, ironically, this could lead us to recognize the necessity of asking why before we consider asking how.

So, where do we begin? The first step may be to identify and hold accountable those responsible for the failure. Unfortunately, the decisions for education in the present system? are made by two professional practitioners, educators and politicians. The system works this way. The educators, who are nothing more than graduates of the failed system, are? pressured and threatened by the politicians who know nothing about education, but who provide the necessary funding. This is a prescription for continued failure. To even begin a?

complete overhaul, which the situation demands, our public school system, one of Americas great promises, must be reclaimed by the public. This will prove most difficult because? this same public, is unfortunately also a product of the system. It must realize, for the sake of their deprived children, that the true purpose of education is to provide them with? the opportunity to fulfill their intrinsic desires rather than to indoctrinate them into a neurotic society. There can be no other source for their true happiness.

Source: http://www.opednews.com/articles/American-Education-by-Hal-O-Leary-130420-287.html

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Sunday, April 21, 2013

The Environmental Impacts Of An Unregulated Marijuana Industry

A majority of Americans may support pot legalization but in a changing landscape with more 420-friendly folk, the true environmental impacts of an unregulated cannabis industry are often forgotten on the day meant to celebrate it.

A report released in 2011 (and updated in 2012) estimated that indoor marijuana production may account for 1 percent of the entire country's energy consumption and 2 percent of all household consumption.

The solution? Get these growers outside.

Unfortunately for environmentalists, pot farming is only legal in two states so those illegal outdoor grow operations have caused some havoc within isolated national parks that make for ideal farms.

A recent report by Mother Jones focused on a troubling Google Earth video that shows the devastation wrought by illegal marijuana farms in California's Humboldt County, where some estimate more than 25 percent of the economy comes from pot.

The video was made by Anthony Silvaggio, an environmental sociologist with Humboldt State University's Institute for Interdisciplinary Marijuana Research. The video shows deforestation caused by more than 600 illicit grow operations.

"We have an unregulated industry here causing ... ecological harm," Silvaggio says in the video. "Talking with agricultural commissioners of different counties they report to me that it's difficult for them to help growers that want to do the right thing."

Another problem? Pot plants take a lot of water to grow.

Small, sustainable pot farmers markets have popped up in the area, where aficionados can sample and buy rare strains from small, local batches. But many of these farmers still grow in off-the-grid areas and illegally siphon millions of gallons of water without any regulation, the L.A. Times reported back in December.

One potential solution could be vertical farming, and one company in British Columbia is trying to get the permits to start a large-scale medicinal marijuana grow operation that would limit energy and water waste.

But the majority of public support mixed with the few states that allow legal grow operations has created some legal confusion at the expense of the environment. Humboldt State hosted the first Earth Day Symposium on Marijuana and the Environment this weekend to delve into some of these issues.

U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder has been urged to make a decision regarding government intervention in states where marijuana is legal.

But some cities have already decided to take action - Arcata, Calif. approved a 45 percent tax on households that use three times the normal amount of energy specifically aimed at pot producers.

Related on HuffPost:

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/20/the-environmental-impacts-of-marijuana_n_3118760.html

How a Webcam Pointed at a Police Radio Won the Internet Friday ...

tsarnaev_boat-feature

The events in Boston ? starting Monday with a pair of explosions that killed three and injured 176 near the finish line of the Boston Marathon ? came to a dramatic close Friday night with the capture of 19-year-old Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, one of two brothers suspected of carrying out the attacks. He had been hiding out in a boat parked in the backyard of a house in Watertown, Mass.

A furious citywide manhunt brought Boston and surrounding towns to a standstill, and there was little else to do all day but watch the live TV coverage. All day, reporters repeated what they knew, which was precious little beyond the bare facts. One suspect was dead, the other on the run after an intense gunfight with police. The ?Breaking News? banners became meaningless, because throughout the day there was not much actual news breaking other than that the search continued.

Not 30 minutes after a news conference during which local officials told Boston residents they could probably go outside again, police engaged in a firefight with the suspect hiding in the boat.

bearcat_scanner

It was at this point that a quarter of a million people, including me, tuned in to the streaming video image of Uniden Bearcat scanner radio picking up publicly available police communications traffic in Boston.

As anyone who?s ever worked at a local newspaper can tell you, the real ?breaking news? is often heard on police scanners. And, with right kind of radio, it is perfectly legal to listen in on how cops on the beat and firefighters conduct their business. Listening to the scanner is often how reporters and camera crews know where to go when there?s a story breaking.

The scanner in question was set up in an anonymous home in Framingham, Mass. The owner had inexplicably placed his radio in the bathroom at the base of the toilet, trained a live Webcam on it, and streamed it to Ustream.

Police scanners are so common that enthusiasts have been streaming live audio from the airwaves to the Internet for years. And apps that tap these livesstreams are common on iOS and Android devices.

During a week in which professional media organizations like CNN and the Associated Press had so often failed to meet the standards to which they hold themselves, reporting arrests where none had occurred, the desire for a raw feed and clear information was understandable.

Those listening to the scanner audio naturally turned to Twitter and Facebook, relaying news of the capture to the world, and allowing the city of Boston and the rest of the world to breathe once again. Some thought the scanner stream was not a very good idea. The suspect might have been monitoring social media, the thinking went, and might be tipped off to the movements of police. Unlikely, as police were bearing down on him while he was bleeding in the back of a boat after two exchanges of gunfire during the day.

Space Rogue on Twitter was one of those listening and, at 8:42 pm ET, had the first tweet I saw containing the news:

?Suspect in custody but nobody inside the perimeter, still a hot scene?

Here?s what the live audio of the capture sounded like. The audio below lasts three and a half minutes, and begins with some routine-sounding traffic. At about the 50-second mark, you?ll hear someone say, ?no other elements on the boat, HRT only,? referring to a hostage rescue team that had been called in, presumably to talk to the suspect and negotiate his surrender, if necessary. Then there?s a long, agonizing silence, broken up by indistinct radio noise. At about the 2:45 mark, you?ll hear the first reference to ?still a hot scene,? followed by the confirmation ?suspect in custody,? and a call for a medic. The cheering of local residents started soon thereafter.

Update: UStream has just published a corporate blog post on this video feed, saying that at its peak, 265,000 people were watching, and that throughout the day more than 2.5 million people tuned in. Half of them were on mobile devices.

Source: http://allthingsd.com/20130420/how-a-webcam-pointed-at-a-police-radio-won-the-internet-friday/

Multiplayer Games Online - ArticleSnatch.com

Psyduck (Japanese: Koduck) is a Water-type Pokmon.

It evolves into Golduck starting at level 33.

Psyduck resembles a yellow duck or platypus with a vacant stare. It has three small tufts of black hair at the top of its head. It walks on its hind legs, has a stubby tail, and has fake pokemon game map Rose Valley arms rather than wings. Its arms are useful in using its powerful psychic abilities. Its appearance, according to the Pokdex, is meant to trick enemies into thinking it is weak. It has arms with three claws on each to deliver scratches if threatened.

Psyduck is constantly stunned by its headache. It usually stands immobile, with a vacant expression, trying to calm its headache. However, when its headache becomes too severe, it releases tension in the form of strong psychic powers.

Psyduck are usually unable to think very clearly due to having a chronic headache. Because of the headache, a Psyduck will always hold its head. When these headaches worsen, Psyduck may use psychic powers.

Psyduck live in freshwater lakes, small ponds, or rivers in tropical areas. It is a widespread Pokmon common in Kanto, Johto, and Sinnoh. It has also been imported to the Hoenn Safari Zone.

Misty has a Psyduck that she accidentally caught in Hypno's Naptime. It is a constant source of frustration for her, as it frequently emerges from its Pok Ball to attempt to battle the opponent in substitution of one of her other Pokmon. Despite this, she has been shown to deeply care for it. Despite being generally shown as dimwitted and oblivious, when its headache gets bad enough, it has been shown to use phenomenally powerful Psychic-type moves which far exceed its normal ability.

In Bye Bye Psyduck, Online Kids Games a girl named Marina owned a Psyduck that wasn't as dopey as the one Misty had.

In Sitting Psyduck, a Psyduck was owned by a rich girl named Emily. However, the Psyduck didn't like having a pampered life-style and kept running away.

Nine Psyduck appeared in The Psyduck Stops Here!; six parents and three babies. Three of the parents were blocking the path that Ash and his friends tried to pass on their way to Celestic Town. The Psyduck weren't able to return to their real home, Lake Psyduck, due to three Muk.

Two Psyduck were part of an exhibition in Flower Power.

A Psyduck appeared in Beauty and the Breeder where it participated in a Pokmon breeding competition.

A Psyduck appeared in Dueling Heroes.

A Psyduck was used by one of the students of the Pokmon Trainer's School in Gonna Rule The School!.

A Psyduck appeared in Win, Lose, or Drew! as a Pokmon in the Contest.

A boy's Psyduck appeared in Once in a Mawile! when Samantha's Mawile fell in love Best Hidden Object Games with it.

A Psyduck appeared in the opening of Lucario and the Mystery of Mew.

Team Rocket used a Psyduck in their scheme in Not on MY Watch Ya Don't!.

Psyduck made a small appearance in The Rise of Darkrai as one of the Pokmon Darkrai hit with a Dark Void.

A Psyduck belonging to a Coordinator appeared in Dawn's Early Night!. It was used along with a Duskull for the Double Performance required during the Hearthome Contest.

Dawn's Piplup spotted a Psyduck in Sleepless In Pre-Battle!.

In the How I Became a Pokmon Card manga, a Psyduck appears in Troubled Pokmon, Psyduck.

In the Red, Green & Blue chapter, an undead Psyduck that had been brought back to life by a Koga's Gastly appeared in the Pokmon Tower. It first appeared to Red like a normal Psyduck, until it attempted an assault on him: its eyeballs suddenly sunk into its eye sockets and some skin fell off, revealing its bones. Since it was just a mindless undead, it was easily destroyed by Red's Bulbasaur using Vine Whip.

After several other appearances, a herd of Psyduck appeared, blocking the route to Celestic Town, just as they had in the games. However, monstermmorpg monster Corazingo included among them were Trainer Pokmon, and this was all a ruse by Team Galactic, which Cynthia catches on to shortly after calming them.

Green's Psyduck debuted in The Big Battle In The Viridian Forest!!. Games Math

Satoshi has a Psyduck in the Pokmon Zensho manga.

Misty's Psyduck makes a small cameo in Pikachu's Excellent Adventure.

Psyduck is the third Pokfloat to appear. Fighting occurs on its head and beak. It then floats up and off the top of the screen as the fighting moves onto Chikorita.

Psyduck's apparent lack of feathers and ability to fly, along with its claws, suggest that its design draws inspiration from a platypus with some influence from ducks.

Psyduck is a combination pokemon of psychic (referring to its mental powers) and duck.

Koduck may be a combination of ko (child) and duck.

Cinnabar Island (referred to in Japanese as both Guren Island and Guren Town) is a large island located off the southern coast of the Kanto region, south of Pallet Town. It is home to a large volcano. Blaine was once the resident Gym Leader specializing in Fire-type Pokmon, but as of Generation IV, Cinnabar Island no longer has a Gym. Cinnabar is a kind of red mineral, associated with hot springs and volcanoes. The island is connected to the mainland by two water routes: Route 20 in the east and Route 21 in the north, leading to Fuchsia City and Pallet Town, respectively.

The Generation I games reveal Cinnabar Island to be a technological mecca. The journals scattered about the abandoned Pokmon Mansion suggest that Mewtwo was cloned here. The scientists at the Pokmon Lab have the ability to resurrect Pokmon from their Fossils. Two years after the events of Generations I and III, as seen in Generations II and IV, a volcano erupted on the island, destroying everything except for the Pokmon Center, and the Cinnabar Gym has been relocated to the Seafoam Islands.

The Pokmon Mansion is a decrepit, burned-down mansion on Cinnabar Island. It got its name because a famous Pokmon Researcher once lived there. The Pokmon Mansion has four different floors. Doors can be unlocked in the Mansion by pressing switches hidden in Mewtwo statues. To access the Cinnabar Island Gym in Generations I and III, the main character has to enter the mansion and find the Secret Key to unlock the door of the Gym. Many burglars come to the mansion, trying to steal valuable items that may have been lost in the wreckage, challenging the player to a battle when spotted. Amongst the rubble and wreckage is information that the scientists who once worked there obtained a Mew and impregnated it with the genetically altered Mewtwo, who destroyed the mansion in its escape.

The Pokmon Lab is a laboratory located on Cinnabar Island. It was founded by Dr. Fuji and appears in the Generation I games and their remakes. The first room of the Pokmon Lab has two people who will offer to trade Pokmon. The old man will offer his Electrode for a Raichu, and the girl will want to trade her Tangela for a Venonat. In the second room, there is a man who will teach Metronome once to one of the player's Pokmon; in Generation I, he gives away TM35 (Metronome). In the third room, there is a scientist who monstermmorpg monster Gophing will revive the Fossils the player obtained at Mt. Moon and from the Pewter City Museum and a person who will trade his Seel for a Ponyta. In Silph Co., there is a Pokmon Report stating that Pokmon Lab created Porygon.

There is a volcano on Cinnabar Island which gives it its name. In Generation I and Generation III, the volcano that appears on Cinnabar Island cannot be accessed. In the anime, the volcano is a prominent feature of the island, and is where the Cinnabar Gym is located, split into two sections. One is inside of the volcano, and has an arena suspended over the lava inside one of the chambers, while the other is atop the volcano's crater. In Generation II and IV, three years after the events of Generation I and III, the volcano erupted on the island, destroying everything except for the Pokmon Center. What appeared to be a rain-filled crater could also be seen in Pokmon Gold, Silver, and Crystal. In HeartGold and SoulSilver, the exterior of Pokemon Pinball the volcano can be scaled with Rock Climb. Judging by the maps of all four generations, the volcano originated where the Gym once stood.

The Cinnabar Gym is the official Gym of Cinnabar Island, it is based on Fire-type Pokmon and the Gym Leader is Blaine. Trainers who defeat him receive the Volcano Badge. The player is unable to enter the Gym at once; only when they obtain the Secret Key from the Pokmon Mansion can they unlock the door to the Gym. The Cinnabar Gym is a high-tech affair featuring a series of sealed doors. Trivia questions about various Pokmon must be answered to unseal the doors. However, when the player fails to answer a trivia question correctly, a battle with either a Burglar or Super Nerd results, an alternative to unsealing the doors. In Generations II and IV, Blaine's original Gym on Cinnabar Island was destroyed by a volcanic eruption. This forced him to relocate to a cave in the Seafoam Islands.

In Pokmon FireRed and LeafGreen, before the destruction of the island in the Generation II and Generation IV games, Cinnabar Island has a population of 36.

Cinnabar Island has a population of 9, making it one of the smallest towns in the Pokmon world. The volcano eruption destroyed most of how do i get monstermmorpg monster Spidarbor the island, with the Pokmon Center being the only building remaining.

Cinnabar Island has changed dramatically between Generations I and II as the city has been totally replaced by a large erupted volcano, removing everything except for the Pokmon Center. After the eruption, the Gym was relocated to the Seafoam Islands. Blue can be first found at Cinnabar Island, because he was in a bad mood and decided to take a stroll there. In Generation III, there are a few changes with the visual design, as the Pokmon Mansion and Pokmon Lab are slightly larger along with more sandy beach areas. The first and last questions in the Cinnabar Gym have also been Shark Games changed slightly for clarification. In Generation IV, the island stays much the same as Generation II, although the volcano is now climbable by Rock Climb.

In Pokmon Pinball, Cinnabar Island appears on the Red and Blue tables; catchable Pokmon include Growlithe, Ponyta, Grimer, Koffing, Tangela, Magmar, Omanyte, Kabuto and Aerodactyl.

Cinnabar Island is considered a mere beach resort in the anime. Many Trainers skip the island entirely or go there for a break from battling. Blaine runs a hotel for tourists and wears a hippie disguise to hide his real identity as Gym Leader. His Gym is located inside of the volcano.

The Cinnabar Gym has two sections in the anime; one is inside of the volcano, and has an arena suspended over the lava inside one of the chambers. The other arena is in the top crater of the volcano itself.

In Riddle Me This, Ash was trying to locate the Gym so he could challenge Free Cool Games Blaine. He was told by a man who liked telling riddles that the Gym disappeared when Cinnabar Island became a tourist trap. However, the man eventually told Ash that Blaine built another Gym inside of a volcano. When Ash and his friends went in, they learned that the riddler was actually Blaine in disguise. Ash and Blaine battled, but Ash had a series of misfortunes. The first was his Squirtle being defeated by Blaine's Ninetales. Then, his Charizard refused to listen to him. Finally, Pikachu received severe burns caused by Blaine's Magmar and its powerful Fire Blast. Ash called off the battle, not wanting Pikachu to get injured. In Volcanic Panic, after Team Rocket had almost destroyed Blaine's Gym (and Cinnabar Island as a result), he agreed to a rematch on his alternate battlefield on top of the volcano. This time, Ash was able to defeat Blaine with the help of his Charizard and its Seismic Toss.

Cinnabar Island debuted in Holy Moltres in the Red, Green & Blue chapter, where Team Rocket with their Gengar and Magnemite were trying to hunt down Blaine because he had quit Team Rocket. He used his Arcanine and Rapidash. When he saw Red he saved him from the cliff just as Team Rocket let out the Moltres they had captured earlier. Blaine told him to use his Rapidash to get to his lab and restore the Old Amber.

Later when Red came back he was joined with an Aerodactyl that he had restored. They Pokemon Gba Roms defeated Moltres and Team Rocket ran away.

Purification, or "opening the heart's door", is the only known method of changing a Shadow Pokmon back into a normal Pokmon. It is used in Pokmon Colosseum and Pokmon XD: Gale of Darkness to restore any Shadow Pokmon that Wes or Michael have snagged. Purification can be seen as a main goal in those games.

Before completely opening the door to a Shadow Pokmon's heart, its Soccer Games Online Heart Gauge must first drop to zero, turning completely fake pokemon game map Starfall Town white.

The following actions will slowly open the door to a Pokmon's heart: Zogre

Once a Pokmon's Heart Gauge is completely white, it is time to "undo the final lock," the final step in opening the door to a Shadow Pokmon's heart. This is done through a Purification Ritual. In Pokmon Colosseum, Purification Rituals can only be performed Sport Games at the Relic Stone in Agate Village, but in Pokmon XD: Gale of Darkness, they can also be performed in any Set of the Purify Chamber at Pokmon HQ Free Online Game Lab as well.

In Pokmon Colosseum, the player can find up to three special items called Time Flutes to instantly purify any Shadow Pokmon by summoning Celebi at the Relic Stone, which will open the door to a Shadow Pokmon's heart. Time Flutes do not appear in Pokmon XD: Gale of Darkness.

Shadow Lugia is a special case and can only be purified if it is put into one of the Purify Chamber's Sets when all nine slots have achieved maximum tempo. Its Heart Gauge will also reset if the process is interrupted, such as by removing Shadow Lugia from the chamber.

Once a Pokmon is purified, any Shadow moves are replaced with other moves. In Pokmon XD, besides moves learned through level up, TM or breeding a just-purified Pokmon will know at least one special move. It immediately gains any Experience and Effort Values that it has earned in battles prior to the purification, meaning that it may gain one or more levels. The Pokmon receives a special Ribbon for "clearing all difficulties", and at this point the Pokmon Trainer may choose a nickname for it. The player is now able to trade the purified Pokmon with the GBA games Pokmon Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald, FireRed, and LeafGreen using a GameCube/GBA cable.

The following Pokmon can only gain certain moves if they are monster Gryvolt a Shadow Pokmon purified in Pokmon XD: Gale of Darkness:

Dusknoir (Japanese: Yonoir) is a Ghost-type Pokmon.

It evolves from Dusclops when traded holding a Reaper Cloth. It is the final form of Duskull.

Dusknoir's body is mostly black, with two almond shaped eye-like markings and a yellow horizontal zigzag line on this Pokmon's torso which can open like a mouth (creating the illusion of a face) and fire powerful attacks. On its back are markings resembling a face. Dusknoir now has fully developed arms. Two yellow bands are near its black wrists and its gray hands are similar to Dusclops's. Dusknoir has a gray, cylinder-shaped head with another yellow band near the top and a single glaring eye with a yellow iris and a red pupil. The tattered fringes of Dusknoir's lapels converge into a shawl collar on its upper chest. Dusknoir has a ghostly tail rather than feet, reminiscent of a genie, or a stylized 'cartoonish' depiction of a ghost. Dusknoir has a yellow antenna on top of its head in which allows this Pokmon to receive transmissions from the spirit world, which tell it to bring people there.

Dusknoir possess the ability to receive radio waves from the spirit world, and can also hold lost spirits in the mouth-like hole in its belly. Dusknoir also www.monstermmorpg.com/Games-Free has abilities typical of a Ghost-type Pokmon, but also has vast physical strength and can perform the elemental punches.

They receive radio signals from the spirit world that tell it to bring people there. In the anime however, a Dusknoir was seen protecting Ash and Angie from being sucked into a portal to the spirit realm by a ghost girl.

Dusknoir appeared in Pokmon Mystery Dungeon: Explorers of Sky - Beyond Time & Darkness where it was sent back in time to prevent Team Pokpals from changing the future.

Dusknoir made its debut appearance in Ghoul Daze! where it tried to protect humans from a ghost girl who was trying to send them to the spirit world. However, Dusknoir http://www.monstermmorpg.com/Urbai-Monster-Dex-362 was often blamed for the tro

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Same protein that fires up cancer-promoting erk also blocks its activation

Apr. 19, 2013 ? A protein which is intimately involved in cancer-promoting cell signaling also keeps a key component of the signaling pathway tied down and inactive, a team led by scientists from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reports this week in Nature Structural Molecular Biology.

Shc, pronounced "schick," plays a key role in activating signals which lead to cell proliferation (and cancer) when cells are stimulated, however it unexpectedly turns out to be a tumor-suppressor, keeping Erk under wraps when a cell is less active, said senior author John Ladbury, Ph.D., professor in MD Anderson's Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

"Shc is a checkpoint to prevent out of control cell growth, binding to Erk when a cell is not being stimulated by growth factors," Ladbury said. "Otherwise, the lower-level background signaling that's always present in a cell would be uncontrolled."

Keeping Erk in check while the cell idles

Overexpression of Erk occurs in many types of cancer, including ovarian and prostate cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma, so cellular control of its activity is important.

In the absence of external stimulation by growth factors, cells remain active but lower levels of cell signaling occur, which Ladbury compares to a car idling, ready to roll. Under these conditions control mechanisms are in place to prevent the cell kicking into gear. Shc turns out to be one of these controllers.

"We're essentially looking at the cell in a resting, but ready, state," Ladbury said. "I would argue that's probably more like a cell behaves in tissue, it's not normally getting a slug of growth factors as is often the way when we investigate signaling in experiments in the lab. There's still a lot going on in the cell, basically background activity." These findings point to a number of therapeutic possibilities, including the measurement of Shc concentration levels as a diagnostic tool and of finding small molecule drugs that block growth-factor signaling to Shc, keeping it bound to Erk, Ladbury noted.

Growth factors provide double boost for Erk

When the appropriate growth factor receptor is stimulated Erk is activated in the MAP Kinase pathway. It dives into the cell nucleus and turns on a variety of genes, actions that contribute to cancer proliferation, blood vessel production and metastasis when signaling is out of control.

When receptor tyrosine kinases on the cell surface connect with growth factors, they normally send a signal via Shc that sets off a chain of actions leading to Erk activation. Ladbury and colleagues looked at Shc's connections to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling.

The team found in mammalian cell lines that:

  • Under non-stimulated conditions Shc binds to Erk in the cell cytoplasm at binding sites that are unique on both proteins.
  • Stimulation via EGFR reduces this connection, but not by competing with Shc at the Shc-Erk binding site.
  • Instead, on stimulation from outside the cells, EGFR adds phosphate groups to itself at specific sites. One of these forms a binding for Shc, which distorts the protein's shape, making it impossible for Erk to bind.
  • Overexpression of Shc decreases the amount of activated Erk, because Shc mops up free Erk molecules.
  • Depleting Shc expression with short hairpin RNA resulted in higher levels of activated Erk.
  • When separated from Shc, Erk moves into the nucleus and activates genes even when the cell is not receiving a stimulus. Thus without the controlling influence of Shc, Erk can run riot in the cell giving rise to unrestrained cell reproduction.

Shc-Erk connection confirmed

Ladbury and colleagues then tested their results in the C.Elegans, a worm model frequently employed in biological research. Both Shc and Erk are greatly similar between humans and the worms.

Experiments showed that Shc blocks Erk function by sequestering it away from the Ras-Raf-Mek MAPK pathway in the worms. Without the Shc-Erk connection, the MAPK pathway is activated, causing excessive Erk activation.

EGFR stimulation not only sets off the normal activation of Erk via Shc and the MAPK pathway, Ladbury said, but also frees Erk for greater availability for activation by breaking the tie to Shc.

Co-authors with Ladbury are first author Kin Man Suen and Chi-Chuan Lin, Ph.D., Fernando Melo, Ph.D., Zamal Ahmed, Ph.D., and Stefan Arold, Ph.D., all of MD Anderson's Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Roger George, Ph.D., of the London Research Institute of Cancer Research UK; Eleanor Biggs, of the University of Bath, Bath, UK; and Melanie Drake and Swathi Arur, Ph.D., of MD Anderson's Department of Genetics.

Suen is a graduate student in The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, which is run jointly by MD Anderson and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Ladbury and Arold also are affiliated with the Center for Biomolecular Structure and Function at MD Anderson.

Funding for this research was provided by grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (GM98200), the G. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers Charitable Foundation and the MD Anderson Cancer Center Trust. MD Anderson also receives a Cancer Center Support Grant from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health (P30 CA016672).

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center.

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Journal Reference:

  1. Kin Man Suen, Chi-Chuan Lin, Roger George, Fernando A Melo, Eleanor R Biggs, Zamal Ahmed, Melanie N Drake, Swathi Arur, Stefan T Arold, John E Ladbury. Interaction with Shc prevents aberrant Erk activation in the absence of extracellular stimuli. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2557

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/ZYwNcwUze0A/130419171603.htm

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